The Ethics On Categorical Imperatives - 1999 Words

KANTIANT ETHICS ON CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVES Nicole Vang Philosophy 3360: Business Ethics Ryan S. Hellmers June 8, 2015 Immanuel Kant is one of the most important and hardest philosophers in history. Kant’s thinking of philosophy is based on human autonomy, the understanding of human and their reasons. An action of moral worth is not the aftermath by the action, but the motive behind it. He argues that the only motives for these reasons are from universal principles, leading to his famous statement of categorical imperative: â€Å"I ought never to act except in such a way that I can also will that my maxim should become a universal law.† With this statement, we can understand Kant’s beliefs on the nature of synthetic a priori, the five formulae (formulations) he created, his argument on sexual harassment, and how rational moral laws on race and gender discrimination with real life issues in society today. There are two imperatives, or commands, that Kant believes is our principle of our moral duties, categorical imperatives and hypothetical imperatives. Immanuel Kant defines categorical imperative in the following quotation: ‘Finally, there is an imperative which commands a certain conduct immediately, without having as it condition any other purpose to be attained by it. This imperative is Categorical. It concerns not the matter of the action, or its intended result, but the form and the principle of which it is itself a result, and what essentially good in itShow MoreRelatedKantian Ethics And The Categorical Imperative Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Kantian Ethics and critiques In Elements of Pure Practical Reason Book, I, Immanuel Kant, a prominent late Enlightenment Era German philosopher discusses his most famous ethical theory, the â€Å"Categorical Imperative.† The â€Å"Categorical Imperative† is a proposed universal law in stating all humans are forbidden from certain actions regardless of consequences. Although this is the general definition of this ethical theory, the Categorical Imperative† exists in two above formulations, A strictRead MoreEthics of Kant and the Categorical Imperative1817 Words   |  8 PagesKant’s Categorical Imperative What is a categorical imperative? A categorical imperative is a moral obligation which is absolute and necessary in any moral situation and isn’t reliant on a singular person’s desires or wills. For Kant, categorical imperatives are the foundation for morality because they invoke â€Å"pure† reasons for our moral actions and decisions since each rational being reasons to act outside of their own personal desires or will which may cloud judgments or impose a biased verdictRead MoreA Critique of the Categorical Imperative1689 Words   |  7 PagesA Critique of the Categorical imperative Immanuel Kant was without doubt one of the most influential Philosophers of his time. He was born in Koinsberg, Prussia on the 22nd of April 1724, and died on the 12th of February 1804 at the age of 79. Throughout his life Kant contributed his ideas to many major fields of Philosophy; however his biggest contribution was to the realm of ethics, when he developed the concept of the categorical imperative. He first introduced this idea in 1785 in a book he titledRead MoreKant s Impact On Ethics1389 Words   |  6 Pageslate 18th century. During this enthusiastic time period, there emerged a strong belief in the ability of human reason to help understand the world and solve its numerous problems- including ethical ones. Kant’s contribution to ethics has been very substantial, and although ethics is the field he’s had the most profound impact on, Kant also spent his time working in other areas, such as metaphysics and epistemology. Metaphysics is defined as â€Å"the bran ch of philosophy that deals with abstract conceptsRead MoreMorality via Kant and Hegel1712 Words   |  7 PagesTranscendental Idealism as his cornerstone, Kant argued that Reason – to him a defining and immutable trait of human nature – allows for the derivation of formal and universally valid moral princip-les. His famous derivation of these, the Categorical Imperative, tantalizing promises an Archimedean point to morality: The moral standpoint from which one can always judge apodictically what is right independent of one’s vested empirical interests. Opposite the classical eudemonistic theories, Kant importantlyRead MoreQuestions on Ethical Problems734 Words   |  3 Pagesethical problem you have described The term deontology comes from the Greek word meaning duty (Business Ethics: Kantian Ethics (Deontology), 2005). Therefore, deontological ethics refers to the moral duty to act a certain way. Deontological ethics are the opposite of consequentialist ethics, which suggest that an act is morally justified if no harm is done. In other words, deontological ethics suggest that an act can be judged according to rules of right versus wrong, as opposed to judging the outcomesRead MoreThe Issues of Ethics970 Words   |  4 PagesIssues of Ethics The two major ethical theories that have the most relevance and prudence to my contemporary views are utilitarianism and those aligned with the concept of a categorical imperative. The philosophy of the former of these was widely pioneered by both Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. The notion of a categorical imperative was largely popularized by Immanuel Kant. In all actuality, the efficaciousness of these philosophies is widely determined by the particular moral dilemma whichRead MoreThe Ethical Theories Of Duty Ethics And Virtue Ethics Essay1588 Words   |  7 Pagesthe character Thor in Thor: The Dark World. In these words we find a frightening tension. Almost everyone agrees that it is good to be ethical; this is an easy affirmation. It is much more difficult, though, when ethics is in direct opposition to success. This dichotomy- between ethics and success- will no doubt confront an engineer during a professional career of any substantial length. Can you say that you would r ather be a good man than rich? Or popular? Or a successful engineer? What should happenRead More Kants Categorical Imperative Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesKants Categorical Imperative Deontology is the ethical view that some actions are morally forbidden or permitted regardless of consequences. One of the most influential deontological philosophers in history is Immanuel Kant who developed the idea of the Categorical Imperative. Kant believed that the only thing of intrinsic moral worth is a good will. Kant says in his work Morality and Rationality â€Å"The good will is not good because of what it affects or accomplishes or because of it’s adequacyRead MoreVolkswagen Utilitarian Ethics1055 Words   |  5 Pagesdesigned the software or he decided to create it on his own to meet requirements his superiors gave him. Both rule utilitarianism and Kantian duty ethics would condemn Liang’s actions as unethical. According to Kantian ethics, morality is governed by a universal moral law, the Categorical Imperative. One’s actions must not only obey the Categorical Imperative, but also be governed by purity of will. Purity of will means that one acts morally because it is the right thing to do rather than a selfish motivation

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Techniques Used in the Great Gatsby Free Essays

Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. We will write a custom essay sample on Techniques Used in the Great Gatsby or any similar topic only for you Order Now Britain: Penguin, 1926. 1. Point of view – the view or perspective of how the story is narrated (i. e first person) â€Å"Only Gatsby, the man who gives his name to this book, was exempt from my reaction – Gatsby, who represented everything for which I have an unaffected scorn. † (pg. 8) †¢ This novel is narrated from a first person point of view. Nick Carraway is both a narrator and a character participant in the story. Seen that this novel is mostly about Jay Gatsby and how what happens to his life is narrated to represent general themes, there could be no other narrator than the character who is Gatsby’s neighbor, and someone who declares to be free of any preconceptions or judgments due to an important lesson his father taught him. Nick Carraway seems to be a narrator exempt from bias due to this aspect of his profile, and he leaves clear what are his specific opinions or observations. 2. Tone – throughout the connotation and denotation of words, it is what gives a mood or attitude to the story No – Gatsby turned out all right at the end; it is what preyed on Gatsby, what foul dust floated in the wake of his dreams that temporarily closed out my interest in the abortive sorrows and short-winded elations of men. † (pg. 8) †¢ The narrator keeps his tone always dry and realistic. This helps the readers understand that even though this seems like a romantic story due t o Gatsby’s unconditional love for Daisy and his pursuit for his dream, it is completely sucked in by reality from beginning to end. When the narrator talks about love or dream he does not idealize them by using words with positive connotation. He is clear and concise about the relationship between those who love and how they love. In the example above for example, the narrator clings on to disillusionment and even pessimism as he foreshadows Gatsby’s fate. 3. Imagery – the creation of a mental picture through detailed description â€Å"It eluded us then, but that’s no matter – tomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms farther†¦ And one fine morning – So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past. † (pg. 188) †¢ In this passage the author is able to create two clear mental pictures to convey his message. One is of men stretching further and running faster – though we can picture that his true intention is to suggest that mankind is trying to grasp what seems far from their reach, like Gatsby trying to grasp his American Dream throughout five years of his life. The second imagery is of the boat tiredly pushing against the strong current, and with that any reader can understand that individuals have to strive against the repressive society in order to adhere what they truly want. 4. Symbol – using one smaller idea to represent a larger one â€Å"Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgastic future that year by year recedes before us. (pg. 188) †¢ The colors in this novel are used to represent greater ideas or they give specific significances to characters’ profiles or the environment in each scene. In this last moment, the green light Gatsby believes in is his dream. The color green itself is a representation of hope or faith. Also, in a specific part of t he novel, the light emitting from Daisy’s house has a greenish hue, corroborating the fact that this is what he has longed so much for. 5. Irony – when there is an outcome of events that is opposite to what was expected initially The minister glanced several times at his watch, so I took him aside and asked him to wait for half an hour. But it wasn’t any use. Nobody came. † (pg. 181) †¢ This quote is in relation to Gatsby’s funeral. This can be considered an irony since at the beginning the impression that Nick had about Gatsby was that he had many friends and was extremely popular due to all the parties he threw at his house. Yet, when he dies and has no longer anything to offer to society, he is alone and none of the plenty of people who came to his parties even cares or remembers him then. 6. Mispronunciation – when words or full sentences are written exactly as they sound to emphasize the tone and profile of the character â€Å"Oh, my Ga-od! Oh, my Ga-od! Oh, my Ga-od! Oh, my Ga-od! † (†¦) â€Å"What you want, fella? † â€Å"What happened? – that’s what I want to know. † â€Å"Auto hit her. Ins’antly killed. † â€Å"Instantly killed,† repeated Tom, staring. â€Å"She ran out ina road. Son-of-a-bitch didn’t even stopus car. † (pg. 145-146) †¢ Being a realistic novel, Fitzgerald compromises to every small detail of reality. In this example, readers can easily see the difference in accent and pronunciation of the three people having a dialogue. The officer, being from a lower social class, and therefore imaginably less educated, skips sounds when he says certain words such as â€Å"ins’antly† instead of instantly, â€Å"fella† instead of fellow and â€Å"stopus† instead of stopped. With these mispronunciations Fitzgerald enables a brief and careless speech. Wilson’s quote (â€Å"Oh, my Ga-od! †) also tells a lot about the character and justifies the murder by the end of the book. He is also part of the rough, low class, uneducated, and in this case angry and desperate. The officer and Wilson stand as contrast to Tom who presents a complete and fluent speech that proves that his wealth bought him education. 7. Repetition – to use the same word, phrase or sentence repeatedly for emphasis or another purpose â€Å"In his blue gardens (†¦) I watched his guests (†¦) or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor-boats slit the waters (†¦) On weekends his Rolls-Royce (†¦) while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. † (pg. 45) †¢ In this passage readers are able to clearly notice the repetition of the possessive pronoun â€Å"his†. Fitzgerald chooses to do this in this specific part because the narrator is describing one of the parties at Gatsby’s house. By repeating that everything is â€Å"his†, or belongs to him, the narrator emphasizes Gatsby’s abundant wealth. Fitzgerald is creating the image of a rich and ostentatious man. 8. Flashback – the narrative of an event outside the present timeline in order to provide background information to the events â€Å"James Gatz – that was really, or at least legally, his name. He had changed it at the age of seventeen (†¦)† (pg. 104) Throughout the novel there are many stories being told about what Jay Gatsby’s past was like, and what made him become who he is now. Gatsby himself tells Nick in the present timeline of the story, a specific version of how he was educated and how he became wealthy. It is finally due to this flashback that the readers learn the accurate story about Gatsby’s life, including how he earned his money. 9. Charactonym – when a character’s name has some significance to his profile in the novel â€Å"I’ve heard it said that Daisy’s murmur was only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming. (pg. 15) †¢ The character Daisy Buchanan can be compared to the actual flower â€Å"daisy†. Just like the most common daisy, the one that is yellow on the inside and white on the outside, the character appears to be something that she is not. She uses excessive amount of white powder to prove her purity and innocence, but inside she is sardonic and superficial. Like a flower, she is delicate, charming and beautiful, but throughout the novel she proves to be interested in wealth and luxury, and underestimates Gatsby’s true love. 10. Dramatic irony – when the readers know something about the plot that one or more characters might not know â€Å"Was Daisy driving? † â€Å"Yes,† he said after a moment, â€Å"but of course I’ll say I was. † (pg. 150) †¢ In this passage the readers find out that even though it was Gatsby’s car being driven, it was actually Daisy who was driving it and who was guilty of killing Myrtle Wilson. If Mr. Wilson had known about this the ending would be different since he would not have killed Gatsby. Daisy’s shallow personality kept her from assuming the blame, and instead she just moved away with Tom to escape from the guilt. How to cite Techniques Used in the Great Gatsby, Essay examples